Common methods of welding copper, gas welding, arc welding, brazing, etc.

【Summary Description】 Copper welding methods include gas welding, manual carbon arc welding, manual arc welding and manual argon arc welding. Automatic welding is also available for large structures. (1) The most commonly used method of copper gas welding is butt joint, and overlap and T-joint are used as little as possible. Two kinds of welding wires can be used for gas welding, one is welding wires containing deoxidizing elements, such as welding wire 201 and 202; the other is ordinary cutting of copper wire and base metal, using gas agent 301 as a flux. Neutral flame shall be used when welding copper. (2) red copper manual arc welding edge. When the thickness of the weldment is greater than 4mm, it must be preheated before welding, and the preheating temperature is generally about 400-500 ℃. The welding adopts copper 107 electrode, and the power supply adopts DC reverse connection. When welding, short arc should be used, and the welding rod should not swing laterally. Reciprocating linear motion of the electrode can improve weld formation. Long welds shall be welded with a gradual retreat. The welding speed should be as fast as possible. For multi-layer welding, the interlayer slag must be thoroughly removed. Welding should be done in a well-ventilated place to prevent copper poisoning. After welding, a flat head hammer should be used to strike the weld to eliminate stress and improve the quality of the weld. (3) red copper manual argon arc welding In the manual argon arc welding of red copper, 201 wire (special red copper wire) and 202 wire are used, and T2 and other red copper wires are also used. Before welding, the oxide film, oil and other dirt on the welding edge of the workpiece and the surface of the welding wire must be cleaned to avoid defects such as pores and slag inclusions. Cleaning methods include mechanical cleaning and chemical cleaning. When the thickness of the butt plate is less than 3mm, no groove shall be opened; When the thickness of the plate is 3-10mm, a V-shaped groove is formed, and the angle of the groove is 60-70 degrees; When the thickness of the plate is greater than 10mm, open an X-shaped groove with an angle of 60-70; In order to avoid incomplete welding, generally no blunt edge is left. According to the plate thickness and groove size, the assembly clearance of the butt joint is selected within the range of 0.5~1.5mm. Manual argon arc welding of copper usually uses DC positive connection, that is, the tungsten electrode is connected to the negative electrode. In order to eliminate pores and ensure reliable fusion and penetration at the root of the weld, it is necessary to increase the welding speed, reduce argon consumption, and preheat the weldment. When the thickness of the plate is less than 3mm, the preheating temperature is 150-300 ℃; when the thickness of the plate is greater than 3mm, the preheating temperature is 350-500 ℃. The preheating temperature should not be too high, otherwise it will reduce the mechanical properties of the welded joint. And carbon arc welding of copper. Carbon arc welding uses carbon electrodes and graphite electrodes. The welding wire used for copper carbon arc welding is the same as the welding wire used for gas welding, and the base metal can also be cut. The gas welding flux of copper, such as gas agent 301, can be used.

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