The development history of brazing and special connection technology, and the application in various fields.
Release time:
2022-11-14
【Summary Description】 Brazing is one of the earliest material joining methods used by humans. Before humans began using iron, they invented brazing to join metals. Among the ancient artifacts unearthed in Egypt are tubes brazed with silver and copper solder and amulet boxes connected with gold solder. According to research, they belong to 5000 years ago and nearly 4000 years ago respectively. Remains of domestic lead water pipes with brazed connections in the ruins of Pompeii buried by a volcanic eruption in 79 AD. The composition ratio of the solder used is Sn:Pb = 1:2, similar to the solder used in modern times. Tin-lead alloy solder was also used in the early Warring States period of the 5th century BC in China, and brazing technology was also widely used in bronze carriages of Qin Shihuang's terracotta warriors. The earliest brazing in China is documented and is made by Ban Gu in the Han Dynasty. There is a sentence in "Han Shu": "Hu Tong's tears are like blind tears, and he can sweat gold and silver, which are also used by craftsmen today". In the "Ming Dynasty Science and Technology Mumbo" published in 1637 in the Song Dynasty, "Tiangong Kaiwo" recorded that "China's small drill uses white copper powder, and the big drill tries its best to hammer together". The "Knowledge of Physics" written by Fang Yizhi in the Ming Dynasty said, "The flux is a combination of borax and copper. If it is a combination of alley juice and silver, it is as solid as a rock. Today's solder such as jade handle, if add silver, never fall off. Try to spot weld the medicine on the mouth of a round basin in a corner. The medicine will go by itself and circle around. It is also amazing." The description clearly states that copper brazing should use borax as flux and silver brazing should use alley resin, and gives a wonderful description of the caulking behavior of the solder. Although brazing technology appeared relatively early, it has not been greatly developed for a long time. After entering the 20th century, its development is far behind the fusion welding technology. Until the 1930 s, on the basis of the development of metallurgical and chemical technology, brazing technology developed rapidly and gradually became an independent industrial production technology. Especially after the Second World War, due to the development of new technologies such as aviation, aerospace, nuclear energy, and electronics, the adoption of new materials and new structural forms put forward higher requirements for connection technology. Therefore, brazing technology has been paid more and more attention and developed rapidly, and many new brazing methods have emerged, and their applications have become more and more extensive. For example, brazing technology is widely used in the manufacture of cutting tools for various mechanical processes, in particular carbide cutting tools, drilling tools for drilling and mining, various conduits and containers, water tanks for automobiles and tractors, heat exchangers of different materials and structures for various applications, motor parts, blades and brackets for steam turbines, and other components. In light industrial production, from medical equipment, metal implants, musical instruments to household appliances, cooking utensils, bicycles, brazing technology is widely used. For the electronics industry and instrument manufacturing, brazing is the only feasible connection method on a large scale. For example, the production of components involves the connection of metal and ceramics, glass and other non-metals, and the wiring connection must prevent the damage to the components by heating, which all rely on brazing technology. In nuclear power plants and marine nuclear power plants, important components such as fuel element positioning frames, heat exchangers, and neutron detectors are often brazed.
Brazing is one of the earliest material joining methods used by humans. Before humans began using iron, they invented brazing to join metals. Among the ancient artifacts unearthed in Egypt are tubes brazed with silver and copper solder and amulet boxes connected with gold solder.
According to research, they belong to 5000 years ago and nearly 4000 years ago respectively. Remains of domestic lead water pipes with brazed connections in the ruins of Pompeii buried by a volcanic eruption in 79 AD. The composition ratio of the solder used is Sn:Pb = 1:2, similar to the solder used in modern times. Tin-lead alloy solder was also used in the early Warring States period of the 5th century BC in China, and brazing technology was also widely used in bronze carriages of Qin Shihuang's terracotta warriors.
The earliest brazing in China is documented and is made by Ban Gu in the Han Dynasty. There is a sentence in "Han Shu": "Hu Tong's tears are like blind tears, and he can sweat gold and silver, which are also used by craftsmen today". In the "Ming Dynasty Science and Technology Mumbo" published in 1637 in the Song Dynasty, "Tiangong Kaiwo" recorded that "China's small drill uses white copper powder, and the big drill tries its best to hammer together". The "Knowledge of Physics" written by Fang Yizhi in the Ming Dynasty said, "The flux is a combination of borax and copper. If it is a combination of alley juice and silver, it is as solid as a rock.
Today's solder such as jade handle, if add silver, never fall off. Try to spot weld the medicine on the mouth of a round basin in a corner. The medicine will go by itself and circle around. It is also amazing." The description clearly states that copper brazing should use borax as flux and silver brazing should use alley resin, and gives a wonderful description of the caulking behavior of the solder. Although brazing technology appeared relatively early, it has not been greatly developed for a long time. After entering the 20th century, its development is far behind the fusion welding technology.
Until the 1930 s, on the basis of the development of metallurgical and chemical technology, brazing technology developed rapidly and gradually became an independent industrial production technology. Especially after the Second World War, due to the development of new technologies such as aviation, aerospace, nuclear energy, and electronics, the adoption of new materials and new structural forms put forward higher requirements for connection technology. Therefore, brazing technology has been paid more and more attention and developed rapidly, and many new brazing methods have emerged, and their applications have become more and more extensive.
For example, brazing technology is widely used in the manufacture of cutting tools for various mechanical processes, in particular carbide cutting tools, drilling tools for drilling and mining, various conduits and containers, water tanks for automobiles and tractors, heat exchangers of different materials and structures for various applications, motor parts, blades and brackets for steam turbines, and other components. In light industrial production, from medical equipment, metal implants, musical instruments to household appliances, cooking utensils, bicycles, brazing technology is widely used.
For the electronics industry and instrument manufacturing, brazing is the only feasible connection method on a large scale. For example, the production of components involves the connection of metal and ceramics, glass and other non-metals, and the wiring connection must prevent the damage to the components by heating, which all rely on brazing technology. In nuclear power plants and marine nuclear power plants, important components such as fuel element positioning frames, heat exchangers, and neutron detectors are often brazed.
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